Impact of large human constructions on a karst river hydrology: Case of the Cetina river (Dinaric karst)
Vpliv večjih objektov na hidrologijo kraških rek: Primer reke Cetine (dinarski kras)
- Avtorji: Ognjen Bonacci, Ivo Andrić, Tanja Roje-Bonacci, Dijana Oskoruš, Adrijana Vrsalović
- Citat: Acta hydrotechnica, vol. 33, no. 59, pp. 155-174, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15292/acta.hydro.2020.10
- Povzetek: Članek proučuje velike hidrološke spremembe, ki jih je povzročila izgradnja petih akumulacij in šestih hidroelektrarn (HE), večinoma izgrajenih v 60-ih letih prejšnjega stoletja, vzdolž kraške reke Cetine, ki leži v globokem, dobro razvitem dinarskokraškem svetu. Skupna dolžina reke od izvira do izliva v Jadransko morje je pribl. 105 km. Meritve pretokov, ki potekajo na devetih merilnih postajah, smo primerjali z uporabo različnih statističnih metod. Pretoke, izmerjene pred izgradnjo hidrotehničnih objektov, smo primerjali s pretoki, izmerjenimi po njihovi izgradnji. Analiza rezultatov je pokazala, da je kompleksni naravni režim popolnoma uničen. Hidrologija zgornjega dela reke, od izvira do pregrade Prančevići (dolžine pribl. 65 km), se je spremenila z razvojem in obratovanjem akumulacije in HE Peruča kot tudi akumulacij Lipa in Buško Blato ter HE Buško Blato in Orlovac. Preusmeritev vode iz akumulacije Prančevići prek dveh obtočnih tunelov in cevovoda za obratovanje HE Zakučac je nevarno spremenila hidrološki režim 40-kilometrskega dolvodnega odseka Cetine. V 65-kilometrskem gorvodnem odseku se je hidrološki režim spremenil takoj po začetku obratovanja akumulacije Peruča. Dolvodno se naravni tok reke večinoma ni ohranil. Srednji letni pretok je z več kot 100 m3 s-1 upadel pod 10 m3 s-1. Zaradi obratovanja hidroelektrarn se je minimalni letni pretok drastično zmanjšal na nevarno nizko raven.
- Ključne besede: hidrologija kraških rek, razvoj na področju vodne energije, reka Cetina, sprememba vodnega režima, dinarski kras
- Polno besedilo: a33ob.pdf
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