Comparison of models MIKE3 and PCFLOW3D: Hydrodynamic simulations in the Gulf of Trieste
Primerjava modelov MIKE3 in PCFLOW3D: simulacije hidrodinamike v Tržaškem zalivu
- Avtorji: Dušan Žagar, Evira Džebo, Gregor Petkovšek
- Citat: Acta hydrotechnica, vol. 26, no. 45, pp. 117-133, 2013.
- Povzetek: Modeli tokovanja priobalnih območij so uporabno orodje za napovedovanje stanja morja, hkrati pa tudi osnova za simulacije transporta onesnažil. V izvedeni študiji smo na območju Tržaškega zaliva primerjali dva podobna tridimenzionalna baroklina modela, PCFLOW3D in MIKE3. Poleg vizualne primerjave smo∗ Stik / Correspondence: dusan.zagar@fgg.uni-lj.si © Žagar D. et al.; This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial – Share Alike 4.0 Licence.© Žagar D. et al.; Vsebina tega članka se sme uporabljati v skladu s pogoji licence Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva – Nekomercialno – Deljenje pod enakimi pogoji 4.0. 117 Žagar D. et al.: Comparison of models MIKE3 and PCFLOW3D: Hydrodynamic simulations in the Gulf of Trieste – Primerjava modelov MIKE3 in PCFLOW3D: simulacije hidrodinamike v Tržaškem zalivu Acta hydrotechnica 26/45 (2013), 117-133 rezultate primerjali tudi numerično po metodi RMSDN, z metodo normaliziranega odstopanja korena povprečne kvadratne napake (RMS). Izbrali smo značilne primere tokov, kjer so podobnosti in razlike jasno vidne. Upoštevali smo gostotne tokove, vpliv močnega in šibkega vetra (burje in maestrala) ter plimovanja. V enem primeru smo uporabili konstantne koeficiente turbulentne viskoznosti v horizontalni in vertikalni smeri, odstopanja so bila v tem primeru odvisna od uporabljene numerične sheme in robnih pogojev v obeh modelih. V vseh drugih primerih smo uporabili kolikor mogoče podobne modele turbulence, ki se pogosto uporabljajo v cirkulacijsih modelih: Smagorinsky v horizontalni smeri, v vertikalni pa k-є v modelu MIKE3 in Mellor-Yamada v modelu PCFLOW3D. Na območju vtoka Soče smo izvedli tudi primerjavo z zgoščeno numerično mrežo v primerih gostotnih tokov in močne burje. Rezultati obeh modelov so podobni, vendar pa so razlike opazne. Izvirajo predvsem iz različnih modelov turbulence in definicije robnih pogojev. Rezultate obeh modelov smo primerjali še z modelom POM. Trojna primerjava kaže v splošnem zelo podobno sliko tokov. Glede na rezultate sodimo, da smemo oba modela, MIKE3 in PCFLOW3D, uporabljati na območjih, ki so po svojih značilnostih podobna Tržaškemu zalivu.
- Ključne besede: hidrodinamični model, tokovi, Tržaški zaliv, MIKE3, PCFLOW3D, primerjava modelov
- Polno besedilo: a45dz.pdf
- Viri:
- ARSO. (2008). Prognozirano plimovanje morja. Tide tables 2008. Ljubljana, Ministrstvo za okolje in prostor, Agencija Republike Slovenije za okolje. http://www.arso.gov.si/vode/morje/plima08.pdf (Pridobljeno 12.2.2008).
- Artegiani, A., Bregant, D., Paschini, E., Pinardi, N., Raicich, F., Russo, A. (1997). The Adriatic Sea general circulation. Part II: Baroclinic circulation structure, Journal of Physical Oceanography 27, 1515–1532.
- Blumerg, A.F., Mellor, G.L. (1987). A description of a three-dimensional coastal ocean circulation model. In: N. S. Heaps (Editor). Three-dimensional Coastal Ocean Models. AGU, Washington, 1–16.
- Bocci, M., Chiarlo, R., De Nat, L., Fanelli, A., Petersen, O., Sorensen, J.T., Friss-Christensen, A. (2006). Modelling of impacts from a long sea outfall outside of the Venice Lagoon (Italy). In: Proceedings of the MWWD – IEMES 2006 Conference, Nov. 6.-10. 2006, Antalya, Turkey.
- Castellari, S., Pinardi, N., Coluccelli, A. (2006). The ADRICOSM Pilot Project: a coastal and river basin prediction system for the Adriatic Sea, Acta Adriatica 47, 5–18.
- Celio, M., Malačič, V., Bussani, A., Čermelj, B., Comici, C., Petelin, B. (2006). The coastal scale observing system component of ADRICOSM: Gulf of Trieste network. Acta Adriatica 47, 65–79.
- Chiggiato, J., Oddo, P. (2008). Operational ocean models in the Adriatic Sea: a skill assessment, Ocean Science 4, 61–71.
- Crise, A., Querin, S., Malačilč, V. (2006). A strong bora event in the Gulf of Trieste: a numerical study of wind driven circulation in stratified conditions with a pre-operational model, Acta Adriatica 47, 185–206.
- Četina, M. (1992). Tridimenzionalni matematični baroklini model za izračun tokov v jezerih in morju = Three-dimensional mathematical baroclinic model for simulatiuon of currents in lakes and sea. Thesis, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Geodetic Engineering., 72 p (in Slovenian).
- Četina, M., Rajar, R., Širca, A., Žagar, D. (1999). PCFLOW3D. User's Manual. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Eng, Chair of Fluid Mechanics: 294 p.
- DHI SOFTWARE (2007a). MIKE Zero – Marine tools. User guides: 298 p.
- DHI SOFTWARE (2007b.) MIKE Zero – Preprocessing & Postprocessing. User guides. 472 p.
- DHI SOFTWARE (2007c). MIKE Zero – The common DHI user interface for project oriented water modelling. User guides. 92 p.
- DHI SOFTWARE (2007d). MIKE3 – Environmental hydraulics. User guides. 232 p.
- DHI SOFTWARE. (2007e). MIKE3 – Estuarine and coastal hydraulics and oceanography. User guides. 266 p.
- Dorić, E. (2008). Primerjava modelov MIKE3 in PCFLOW3D za simulacije hidrodinamike v Tržaškem zalivu = A comparison of the MIKE 3 and PCFLOW3D models for hydrodynamic simulations inthe Gulf of Trieste. Thesis. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering. 76 p (in Slovenian).
- Grezio, A., Pinardi, N. (2006). Data assimilation of temperature and salinity profiles in the Adriatic Sea regional model, Acta Adriatica 47, 149–168.
- Kotnik, J. (2003). The role of Isonzo River suspended matter in transferring mercury compounds into the Gulf of Trieste. Institute Jožef Stefan, Final report, 102 p.
- Kovšca, J. (2007). Dopolnitve modela PCFLOW3D za simulacijo tokov in širjenja polutantov = Completion of the PCFLOW3D model for simulation of flow and dispersion of pollutants. Thesis. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering 67 p (in Slovenian).
- Malačič, V., Petelin, B., (2006). Numerical modeling of the winter circulation of the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic), Acta Adriatica 47, 207–217.
- Marotzke, J., Giering, R., Zhang, K.Q., Stammer, D., Hill, C., Lee, T. (1999). Construction of the adjoint MIT ocean general circulation model and application to Atlantic heat transport variability, Journal of Geophisical Research 104, 529–547.
- Orlić, M., Beg Paklar, G., Pasarič, Z., Grbec, B., Pasarič, M. (2006). Nested modelling of the East Adriatic coastal waters, Acta Adriatica 47, 219–245.
- Rajar R., Četina, M., Žagar, D.,Širca, A. (1995). 3D matematički model za simulaciju razljevanja nafte u moru = 3D mathematical model for simulation of oil spill in the sea, In: D. Gereš (Editor) Proceedings of 1.st Croatian Conference on Waters, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 24.-27.5.1995, 385–391 (in Croatian).
- Rajar, R., Četina, M. (1997). Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Modelling. An Experience, Ecological Modelling 101, 195–207.
- Rajar, R., Četina, M., Širca, A. (1997). Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Modelling. Case Studies, Ecological Modelling 101, 209–228.
- Rajar, R., Žagar, D., Širca, A., Horvat, M. (2000). Three-dimencional modelling of mercury cycling in the Gulf of Trieste, The Science of the Total Environment 260, 109–123.
- Rajar, R., Žagar, D., Četina, M., Akagi, H., Yano, S., Tomiyasu, T., Horvat, M. (2004). Application of three-dimensional mercury cycling model to coastal seas, Ecological Modelling 171, 139–155.
- Ramšak, V. (2006). Simulacija izmenjave živega srebra med vodo in zrakom s 3-D modelom PCFLOW3D v Tržaškem zalivu = Simulation of mercury evasion with the 3D model PCFLOW3D in the Gulf of Trieste. Thesis. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Enginerring, 120 p (in Slovenian).
- Ramšak, V., Malačič, V., Ličer, M., Kotnik, J., Horvat, M., Žagar, D. (2013). High-resolution pollutant dispersion modelling in contaminated coastal sites, Environmental research 125,. 103–112
- Širca, A., Horvat, M., Rajar, R., Covelli, S., Žagar, D., Faganeli, J. (1999). Estimation of mercury mass balance in the Gulf of Trieste, Acta Adriatica 40(2), 75–85.
- Zavatarelli, M., Mellor, G. (1995). A numerical study of the Mediterranean Sea Circulation, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 25, 1384–1414.
- Zavatarelli, M., Pinardi, N. (2003). The Adriatic Sea modeling system: a nested approach, Annales Geophysicae 21, 345–364.
- Žagar, D. (1999). Development and application of a three-dimensional model to simulate mercury transport and transformation process in the marine environment, Acta hydrotechnica 17, 27–68.
- Žagar, D., Rajar, R., Širca, A., Horvat, M., Četina, M. (2001). Long-term 3D simulation of the transport and dispersion of mercury in the Gulf of Trieste. Acta hydrotechnica 19( 30), 25–43.
- Žagar, D., Petkovšek, G., Rajar, R., Sirnik, N., Horvat, M., Voudouri, A., Kallor, G.B., Četina, M. (2007). Modelling of mercury transport and transformation in the water compartment of the Mediterranean Sea, Marine Chemistry 107(1), 64–88.